پایان نامه بررسی عددی و تجربی فرآیند شکل‌ دهی چند پاسه‌ ورق‌ های آلومینیم با استفاده از لیزر

فهرست:

فصل 1. 1

1-1- مقدمه. 2

1-2- انواع فرآیندهای شکل‌دهی.. 2

1-2-1- فرآیندهای خم‌کاری. 3

1-2-1-2- خم‌کاری ترمومکانیکی........................................................................................................................3

1-3- فرآیند شکل‌دهی با لیزر 4

1-4- مزایای شکل دهی با استفاده از پرتو لیزر..................................................................................................6

1-5- موارد کاربرد فرآیند شکل دهی با لیزر.......................................................................................................6

1-6- نگاهی گذرا بر پژوهش‌های پیشین. 8

1-7- روش اجزای محدود 11

1-8- شبیه سازی فرآیندشکل دهی با لیزر به روش المان محدود 12

1-9 - اهداف پایان نامه.........................................................................................................................................11

1 -10- ساختار این پایان نامه. 14

فصل 2. 13

2-1- مقدمه.............................................................................................................................................................14

2-2- طبقه بندی فرآیند شکل دهی با لیزر.......................................................................................................14

2-2-1- شکل دهی دو بعدی با لیزر..................................................................................................................14

2-2-2- شکل دهی سه بعدی با لیز...................................................................................................................15

2-3- مکانیزم های شکل دهی با لیزر................................................................................................................15

2-3-1- مکانیزم گرادیان دمایی.. 18

2-3-2- مکانیزم کمانش.... 20

2-3-3- مکانیزم کوتاه کردن. 21

2-4- مدل‌های تحلیلی برای پیش‌بینی مقدار تغییرشکل.. 23

2-4-1- مکانیزم گرادیان دمایی.. 23

2-4-2- مکانیزم کمانش.... 25

2-5- مطالعه روش های تجربی بررسی فرآیند شکل دهی با لیزر..............................................................22

2-5- مقدمه. 25

2-5-1- پارامترهای انرژی لیزر 25

2-5-2- پارامترهای فیزیکی.. 27

2-5-3- مشخصه‌های هندسی ورق. 28

2-6- اثر شرایط گیره‌بندی بر مقدار زاویه‌ خم.. 29

2-6-1- گیره‌بندی از نوع یک سرگیردار 29

2-6-2- گیره‌بندی از نوع V شکل.. 32

2-7- نتیجه‌گیری....................................................................................................................................................32

2-8- پیشنهادهایی برای ادامه‌ کار 36

فصل3- روش انجام شبیه سازی عددی فرآیند..............................................................................................34

3-1- مقدمه...........................................................................................................................................................35

3-2- تعریف مساله.............................................................................................................................................35

3-3- مدل اجزای محدود..................................................................................................................................36

3-3-1- ترسیم هندسه مدل..............................................................................................................................36

3-3-2- تعریف مشخصات ماده......................................................................................................................37

3-3-3- اعمال شرایط مرزی............................................................................................................................37

3-3-3-1- شرایط مرزی حرارتی....................................................................................................................38

3-3-3-2- شرایط مرزی مکانیکی..................................................................................................................38

3-3- 4- بارگذاری حرارتی..............................................................................................................................39

3-3-5- شبکه بندی مدل.....................................................................................................................................39

3-4-تحلیل اجزای محدود فرآیند......................................................................................................................40

3-4-1- کانتور توزیع دمایی ورق.......................................................................................................................40

3-4-2- کانتور جابجایی ورق..............................................................................................................................45

فصل 4- روش انجام آزمایش های تجربی........................................................................................................50

4-1- مقدمه..............................................................................................................................................................51

4-2- تجهیزات آزمایش........................................................................................................................................51

4-2-1- فرآیند شکل دهی با استفاده از لیزر....................................................................................................51

4-2-1-1- آزمایش های اولیه و استفاده از ورق های بدون پوشش..........................................................51

4-2-1-2- آزمایش های تجربی روی ورق های پوشش داده شده............................................................52

4-2-2- فرآیند شکل دهی با لیزر به همراه نیروی کمکی.............................................................................55

فصل 5- انجام آزمایش تجربی و شبیه سازی عددی و استخراج نتایج آن................................................58

5-1- مقدمه..............................................................................................................................................................59

5-2- طراحی آزمایش............................................................................................................................................59

5-3- طراحی آزمایش به روش عاملی...............................................................................................................59

5-4- طراحی آزمایش به روش رویه پاسخ......................................................................................................60

5-4-1- طراحی ترکیب مرکزی..........................................................................................................................61

5-5- آزمایش های تجربی...................................................................................................................................62

5-5-1- طراحی آزمایش به روش ترکیب مرکزی..........................................................................................62

5-5-2- انتخاب مدل برازش...............................................................................................................................64

5-5-3- تاثیر پارامترهای فرآیند..........................................................................................................................66

5-5-4- تحلیل واریانس نتایج آزمایش.............................................................................................................72

5-5-5- تعیین رابطه نهایی زاویه خمش...........................................................................................................74

5-6- صحت سنجی شبیه سازی عددی فرآیند................................................................................................75

5-6-1- مقایسه نتایج تجربی و عددی...............................................................................................................75

5-7- شبیه سازی عددی........................................................................................................................................78

5-7-1- طراحی آزمایش به روش عاملی..........................................................................................................78

5-7-2- انتخاب مدل برازش................................................................................................................................85

5-7-3- تاثیر پارامترهای فرآیند..........................................................................................................................86

5-7-4- تحلیل واریانس نتایج شبیه سازی......................................................................................................89

5-7-5- تعیین رابطه نهایی زاویه خمش..........................................................................................................92

5-8- وقوع خمش منفی.......................................................................................................................................93

5-9- فرآیند شکل دهی با لیزر به همراه نیروی کمکی.................................................................................94

5-10- بررسی عددی تاثیر برخی از متغیرهای آزمایش...............................................................................96

5-10-1- اثر نرخ تغذیه.......................................................................................................................................96

5-10-2- اثر مقدار زمان توقف در شکل دهی چند پاسه با لیزر...............................................................97

5-10-3- بررسی نوع استراتژی اسکن پرتو...................................................................................................99

فصل 6- نتیجه گیری و پیشنهاد.........................................................................................................................102

6-1- نتیجه گیری.................................................................................................................................................103

6-2- پیشنهادهایی برای ادامه کار.....................................................................................................................104

مراجع........................................................................................................................................................................105

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