فهرست:
فصل 1: مقدمه 1
1-1- مقدمه 2
1-2- شرح موضوع 3
1-3- اهمیت موضوع 3
1-4- فصلبندی مطالب 6
فصل 2: مروری بر ادبیات موضوع 8
2-1- مقدمه 9
2-2- روغنهای گیاهی به عنوان سوخت 9
2-3- پیشینه بیودیزل 15
2-4- ساختار بیودیزل 15
2-5- خواص و استانداردهای بیودیزل 16
2-6- معایب و مزایای بیودیزل 17
2-7- آلایندگی 27
فصل 3: روش تحقیق 33
3-1- مقدمه 34
3-2- روغن پسماند خوراکی 34
3-3- تولید بیودیزل پسماند خوراکی 36
3-4- تعیین خواص روغن پسماند خوراکی 37
3-5- انجام تستها 39
3-6- مشخصات موتور 39
3-7- سلول تست 41
3-8- دستگاه سنجش آلایندگی 42
3-9- ماتریس آزمایش 44
3-10- تحلیل خطا. 45
فصل 4: نتایج و تحلیل آنها 48
4-1- مقدمه 49
4-2- نتایج عملکرد موتور 49
4-3- نتایج آلایندگی موتور 70
فصل 5: جمع بندی و پیشنهادها 86
5-1- جمع بندی 87
5-2- پیشنهادها 88
مراجع 89
منبع:
Y. Zhang, M.A. Dub_e, D.D. McLean, M. Kates “Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil: 2. Economic assessment and sensitivity analysis’, Bioresource Technology, Vol. 90 ,229–240, (2003)
Fangrui Ma, Milford A. Hanna, " Biodiesel production: a review", Bioresource Technology ,Vol.70, (1999)
A.K. Hossain, P.A. Davies, ''Plant oils as fuels for compression ignition engines: A technical review and life-cycle analysis'', Renewable Energy,VOL. 35 ,PP-1–13, (2010)
K. Pramanik, " Properties and use of jatropha curcas oil and diesel fuel blends in compression ignitionengine", Renewable Energy, VOL 28 , PP-239–248, (2003)
F.K. Forson, E.K. Oduro, E. Hammond-Donkoh," Performance of jatropha oil blends in a diesel engine", Renewable Energy , VOL 29 , PP- 1135–1145, (2004)
Deepak Agarwal, Avinash Kumar Agarwal, " Performance and emissions characteristics of Jatropha oil (preheated and blends) in a direct injection compression ignition engine ", Applied Thermal Engineering,Vol. 27 , PP-2314–2323, (2007)
A. Murugesan , C. Umarani, R. Subramanian, N. Nedunchezhian , " Bio-diesel as an alternative fuel for diesel engines-A review", Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,Vol.13,PP-653–662,(2009)
Amish P. Vyas , Jaswant L. Verma, N. Subrahmanyam, "A review on FAME production processes", Fuel,Vol. 89 ,PP- 1–9,(2013)
Yuan Gao, Jun Deng, Chunwang Li, Fengling Dang, Zhuo Liao, Zhijun Wu, Liguang Li, " Experimental study of the spray characteristics of biodiesel based on inedible oil", Biotechnology Advances,VOL 27, PP-616–624, (2009)
Seung Hyun Yoon, Hyun Kyu Suh, and Chang Sik Lee, " Effect of Spray and EGR Rate on the Combustion and EmissionCharacteristics of Biodiesel Fuel in a Compression Ignition Engine", Energy & Fuels, Vol. 23, (2010)
Saroj Kumar Jha, Sandun Fernando, S.D. Filip To, "Flame temperature analysis of biodiesel blends and components", Fuel,Vol. 87,PP- 1982–1988,(2008)
J. Narayana Reddy, A. Ramesh,'' Parametric studies for improving the performance ofa Jatropha oil-fuelled compression ignition engine'', Renewable Energy , VOL 31 , PP-1994–2016, (2006)
N.R. Banapurmath , P.G. Tewari , R.S. Hosmath , " Performance and emission characteristics of a DI compression ignition engine operated on Honge, Jatropha and sesame oil methyl esters", Renewable Energy, VOL 33 , PP-1982–1988 , (2008)
V. Pradeep, R.P. Sharma, " Use of HOT EGR for NOx control in a compression ignition engine fuelled with bio-diesel from Jatropha oil ", Renewable Energy , VOL 32 , PP- 1136–1154 , (2012)
Avinash Kumar Agarwal, " Biofuels(alcohols and biodiesel)applications as fuels for internal combustion engines ", Progress in Energy and Combustion Science,Vol. 33,PP233-271, (2007)
P.K. Sahoo, L.M. Das, "Combustion analysis of Jatropha, Karanja and Polanga based biodiesel as fuel in a diesel engine", Fuel , VOL 88 , PP- 994–999, (2009)
Recep Altin, Selim Cetinkaya, Huseyin Serdar Yucesu. The potential of using vegetable oil fuels as fuel for diesel engines. Energ Convers Manage 2001;42:529–38.
S. Jindal , B.P. Nandwana , N.S. Rathore , V. Vashistha , "Experimental investigation of the effect of compression ratio and injectionpressure in a direct injection diesel engine running on Jatropha methyl ester", Applied Thermal Engineering , VOL 30 , PP- 442–448 , (2010)
Cardone, M., Prati, M.V., Rocco, V., Seggiani, M., Senatore, A., Vitolo, S., 2002. Brassica carinata as an alternative oil crop for the production of biodiesel in Italy: engine performance and regulated and unregulated exhaust emissions. Environmental Science and Technology 36, 4656–4662.
Monyem A, Van Gerpen JH. The effect of biodiesel oxidation on engine performance and emissions. Biomass Bioenergy 2001; 20:317–25.
Schmidt K, Van Gerpen JH. The effect of biodiesel fuel composition on diesel combustion and emissions, SAE 961086, 1996.
James P. Szybist, Juhun Song, Mahabubul Alam, André L. Boehman, "Review Biodiesel combustion, emissions and emission control", Fuel Processing Technology,Vol. 88,PP- 679–691,(2007)
George A. Ban-Weiss , J.Y. Chen, Bruce A. Buchholz, Robert W. Dibble, "A numerical investigation into the anomalous slight NOx increase when burning biodiesel; A new (old) theory", Fuel Processing Technology ,Vol.88,PP- 659–667,(2007)
Sandun Fernando, Chris Hall, and Saroj Jha, "NOx Reduction from Biodiesel Fuels", Energy & Fuels, Vol. 20, No. 1, (2006)
Anne G.D. Santos, Antonio S. Araujo, Vinícius P.S. Caldeira, Valter J. Fernandes Jr, Luiz D. Souza, Allan K. Barros” Model-free kinetics applied to volatilization of Brazilian sunflower oil, and itsrespective biodiesel”, Thermochimica Acta, VOL. 506, 57–61, (2010)
Magı n Lapuerta , Jose Rodrı guez-Ferna ndez, John R. Agudelo” Diesel particulate emissions from used cooking oil biodiesel”, Bioresource Technology,VOL. 99, 731–740, (2008)
A. Banerjee, R. Chakrabort ” Parametric sensitivity in transesterification of waste cooking oil forbiodiesel production—A review”, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, VOL. 53, 490–497, (2009)
Yong Wang, Shun Mab, Mouming Zhao, Lina Kuang, Jieyu Nie, William W. Riley “Improving the cold flow properties of biodiesel from waste cooking oil by surfactants and detergent fractionation”, Fuel, VOL. 90, 1036–1040, (2011)