فهرست:
صفحه
چکیده..................................................................................................................................................................1
فصل اوّل: مروری بر تحقیقات انجام شده در زمینه کنترل اینورترهای سه فاز
1-1 مقدمه ..........................................................................................................................................................2
1-2 مشخصه سازی و شاخصهای مربوط به فروافتادگی ولتاژ............................................................................4
1-3 کاهش تعداد خطاهای اتصال کوتاه و ارتباط با آن نامتعادلی ولتاژ...............................................................5
1-4 تاثیر تغییرات در در سیستم قدرت بر روی نامتعادلی ولتاژ..........................................................................5
1-5 نصب ادوات بهبود کننده ............................................................................................................................6
1-6 بهبود امنیت تجهیزات..................................................................................................................................6
1-7 روشهای کنترلی ارائه شده در مقالات و تحقیقات انجام شده......................................................................7
1-7-1 قطعیهای ثابت......................................................................................................................................9
1-7-2 تنظیم ولتاژ ...........................................................................................................................................10
1-7-3 فلیکر ولتاژ............................................................................................................................................10
1-7-4 افتادگی ولتاژ..........................................................................................................10
1-7-5 هارمونیک‌ها..........................................................................................................................................11
1-8 بررسی انواع ساختارهای اتصال به شبکه منابع تولید پراکنده و کنترل مبدلهای الکترونیک قدرت...........12
1-9 روشهای مبتنی بر پردازش سیگنال‌های ولتاژ و جریان...........................................................................21
فصل دوم: آشنایی با ادوات FACTS
2-1 مقدمه.........................................................................................................................................................26
2-2معرفی جبرانساز Var استاتیک SVC........................................................................................................26
2-2-1کاربردهای SVC.................................................................................................................................27
2-2-2 رایجترین انواع SVC ...........................................................................................................................28
2-3 معرفی و شبیه‌سازی جبرانساز استاتیک STATCOM...............................................................................29
2-3-1:کاربردهای STATCOM......................................................................................................................30
2-3-2 شبیه‌سازی STATCOM......................................................................................................................31
2-3-3:مقایسه STATCOM و SVC...............................................................................................................33
2-4 معرفی خازن سری کنترل تریستوری TCSC............................................................................................35
2-4-1 اهداف جبرانسازی خطوط انتقال توسط خازنهای سری.....................................................................35
2-4-2میراکردن رزونانس زیر سنکرون............................................................................................................36
2-5 معرفی ترانسفورماتور شیفت دهنده فاز PST ...........................................................................................36
2-5-1کاربردهای PST.....................................................................................................................................37
2-5-2کاربردهای دینامیکی و گذرا...................................................................................................................37
2-6 معرفی جبرانسازی سری سنکرون استاتیک SSSC ..................................................................................38
2-6-1کاربردهای SSSC..................................................................................................................................38
2-7 معرفی کنترلکننده یکپارچه توان UPFC .................................................................................................39
2-8 معرفی کنترلکننده توان بین خطوط(IPFC)..............................................................................................40
فصل سوم: بیان مساله
3-1 کنترل STATCOM.................................................................................................................................42
3-1-1کنترلکننده داخلی..................................................................................................................................42
3-1-2کنترلکننده خارجی ...............................................................................................................................43
3-2 مدلسازی اینورترهای سه فاز متصل به شبکه در جبرانساز STATCOM................................................44
فصل چهام:طراحی سیستم کنترل‌فازی برای اینورترهای سه فاز
4-1 مقدمه.........................................................................................................................................................48
4-2 طراحی کنترل فازی برای کنترل توان راکتیو..............................................................................................49
4-3 حلقه قفل فاز (PLL) .............................................................................................................................50
4-4 سیستمهای فازی و کنترل فازی ...............................................................................................................51
4-4-1روش مرکز ثقل......................................................................................................................................56
4-4-2 روش میانگین مراکز..............................................................................................................................57
فصل پنجم: شبیه‌سازی و تحلیل نتایج آن
5-1 شبیه‌سازی در محیط نرم‌افزار مطلب.........................................................................................................58
5-2 تحلیل اینورتر در حالت تزریق توان راکتیو...............................................................................................62
5-3 نتیجه‌گیری................................................................................................................................................67
مراجع..............................................................................................................................................................68
منبع:
[1] Koen J. P. Macken, Math H. J. Bollen, Ronnie J. M. Belmans, “Mitigation of Voltage Dips Through Distributed Generation Systems”, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, VOL. 40, NO. 6, NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2004
[2] Mahesh Illindala, Giri Venkatamnanan, “Control of Distributed Generation Systems to Mitigate Load and Line Imbalances”, Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2002. pesc 02. 2002 IEEE 33rd Annual.
[3] G. Venkaiaramanan, D. M. Divan, T. M. Jahns, “Discrete Pulse Modulation Strategies for High-Frequency Inverter Systems,’’ IEEE Trans on Power Electronics, Vol. 8, No. 3, July 1993, pp. 279-287.
[4] Milan Prodanovic and Timothy C. Green, “Control and Filter Design of Three-Phase Inverters for High Power Quality Grid Connection”, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS, VOL. 18, NO. 1, JANUARY 2003.
[5] Amirnaser Yazdani, Reza Iravani, " A Unified Dynamic Model and Control for the Voltage-Sourced Converter Under Unbalanced Grid Conditions", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY, VOL. 21, NO. 3, JULY 2006.
[6] J. He , Y. W. Li and M. S. Munir "A flexible harmonic control approach through voltage-controlled DG-grid interfacing converters", IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 59, no. 1, pp.444 -455 2012.
[7] S. Yang , Q. Lei , F. Z. Peng and Z. Qian "A robust control scheme for grid-connected voltage source inverters", IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 58, no. 1, pp.202 -212 2011
[8] A. Yazdani and R. Iravani, “A generalized state-space averaged model of the three-level NPC converter for systematic DC-voltage-balancer and current-controller design,” IEEE Trans. Power Del., vol. 20, no. 2, pp.1105–1114, Apr. 2005.
[9]Y. Ye, M. Kazerani, and V. H. Quintana, “Modeling, control, and implementation of three-phase PWM converters,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 857–864, May 2003.
[10] Milan Prodanovic and Timothy C. Green, “Control and Filter Design of Three-Phase Inverters for High Power Quality Grid Connection”, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS, VOL. 18, NO. 1, JANUARY 2003.
[11] G. Venkaiaramanan, D. M. Divan, T. M. Jahns, “Discrete Pulse Modulation Strategies for High-Frequency Inverter Systems,’’ IEEE Trans on Power Electronics, Vol. 8, No. 3, July 2013, pp. 279-287.
[12] Pahlevaninezhad, M.; Das, P.; Drobnik, J.; Moschopoulos, G.; Jain, P.K.; Bakhshai, A.; "A Nonlinear Optimal Control Approach Based on the Control-Lyapunov Function for an AC/DC Converter Used in Electric Vehicles," Industrial Informatics, IEEE Transactions on, vol.8, no.3, pp.596-614, Aug. 2012.
Jamali S, Kazemi A, Shateri H. 2008. Comparing effects of SVC and STATCOM on distance relay tripping characteristic. Industrial Electronics, 2008. ISIE 2008. IEEE International Symposium on. DOl: 10.1109/ISIE.2008.4676914. page(s): 1568-1573
Lijie D, Yang L, Yiqun M. 2010. Comparison of High Capacity SVC and STATCOM in Real Power Grid. Intelligent Computation Technology and Automation (ICICTA), 2010 International Conference on. DOl:10.1109/ICICTA2010.586. Page(s): 993-997
Utihitsunthon D, Kwannetr U, Sihsuphun . 2010. Control of STATCOM by using optimal reactive power flow solutions. Electrical Engineering/Electronics Computer Telecommunications and Information Technology (ECTI-CON), 2010 International Conference on. Page(s): 1181-1185.
Hossam-Eldin A, Elrefaie H, Gaballah M. 2006. Study and simulation of the unified power flow controller effect on power systems. Power Systems Conference, 2006. Page(s): 461-467.
Al-Hadidi H.K. Menzies R.W. 2003. Investigation of a cascade multilevel inverter as an STATCOM. Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2003, IEEE. DOI: 10.1109/PES.2003. 1267164.
Rodriguez J, Lai J, Peng F. 2002. Multilevel inverters: a survey of topologies, controls, and applications. IEEE Transactions. Industrial Electronics. Vol 49. DOl: 10.1109/TIE.2002.801052. Page(s): 724-738.
Ren W, Qian L, Cartes D, Steurer M. 2005. Multivariable control method in STATCOM application for performance improvement. Industry Applications Conference, 2005. DOl: 10.1109/Las.2005.1518761. page(s): 2246-2250.
da Silva S.A.O. Novochadlo R. Modesto R.A. 2008. Single-phase PLL structure using modified p-q theory for utility connected systems. PESC 2008. IEEE. DOl: 10.1109/PESC.2008.4592712. page(s): 4706-4711.
Pota H.R. 2005. Phase-Locked Loop. http://www.unsw.adfa.edu.au/404.html. June 6, 2005.
M, Irvani M.R. 2004. Estimation of frequency and its rate Karimi H, Karimi Ghartemani
Change for application in power systems. Power Delivery, IEEE Transactions on issue: 2. DOl: 10.1109/TPWRD.2003.822957. page(s): 472-480.
Rolim L.G.B. da Costa D.R. Aredes, M. 2006. Analysis and Software Implementation of a Robust Synchronizing PLL Circuit Based on the pq Theory. Industrial Electronics, IEEE Transactions on Volume:53, Issue: 6. DOI: 10.1109/TIE.2006.885483. page(s) :1919-1926.
Silva D, Coelho E.A.A. 2004. Analysis and design of a three-phase PLL structure for utility connected systems under distorted utility conditions. 9th IEEE International.DOl: 10.1109/ClEP.2004. 1437585. Page(s) : 218-223.
Silva S.M. Lopes, B.M. Filho, B.J.C. Campana R.P. Bosventura W.C. 2004. Performance evaluation of PLL algorithms for single-phase grid-connected systems. Conference Record of the 2004 IEEE. DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2004.1348790. page(s): 2259-2263.
Arruda L.N. Silva S.M. Filho B.J.C. 2010. PLL structures for utility connected systems. Industry Applications Conference 2010. DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2001.955993. page(s): 2655-2660.
Chung S. 2010. A phase tracking system for three phase utility interface inverters. Power Electronics, IEEE Transactions on Issue:3. DOl: 10.1109/63.844502. page(s):431-438.
Karshenas H.R. Saghafi H. 2006. Dynamic Performance of a Grid Connected Converter Employing State Feedback. in IEEE International Conference on Harmonics and Quality of Power, ICHQP 2006. Paper(s) : 6.
Karimi-Ghartemani M. Iravani, M.R. 2011. A method for synchronization of power electronic converters in polluted and variable-frequency environments. Power Systems, IEEE Transactions on Volume: 19 , Issue: 3. DOI: 10.1109/TPWRS.2011.831280. page(s): 1263-1270.
Bina M.T. Eskandari M.D. 2010. Consequence of unbalance supplying condition on a distribution static compensator. Power Electronics Specialists Conference 2010. DOI: 10.1109/PESC.2010.1355165. page(s): 3900-3904.