پایان نامه برنامه ریزی بهره برداری از منابع تولید پراکنده ،ذخیره ساز ها و راهکار های مدیریت سمت مصرف در محیط رقابتی

فهرست:

چکیده.......................................................................................................................................................................................................   1

فصل اول : مقدمه

1-1-کلیات.................................................................................................................................................................................................3

1-2- ضرورت تحقیق وهدف از انجام پایان­نامه.......................................................................................................................................6

1-3- نوآوری­های پایان­نامه........................................................................................................................................................................... 7

1-4- سرفصل­های پایان­نامه.......................................................................................................................................................................8

فصل دوم : مروری برانواع مختلف تکنولوژی­های تولید پراکنده

2-1- مقدمه............................................................................................................................................................................................ 10

2-2- تعریف تولیدات پراکنده.............................................................................................................................................................10

2-2-1- اهداف وکاربردهای تولیدات پراکنده...........................................................................................................................................11

2-2-2- ظرفیت تولیدات پراکنده...............................................................................................................................................................12

2-2-3- مکان نصب تولیدات پراکنده........................................................................................................................................................13

2-3-تکنولوژی‌هایDG..........................................................................................................................................................................13

2-3-1-بررسی انواع تکنولوژی‌هایDG................................................................................................................. 14

2-3-1-1 ژنراتورهای مرسوم..............................................................................................................................................................16

2-3-1-2 ژنراتورهای غیرمرسوم.........................................................................................................................................................17

2-3-1-3- وسایل ذخیره انرژی.........................................................................................................................................................18

2-3-1-4 مولدهای برق با استفاده از انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر..............................................................................................................21

2-3-2- مقایسه تکنولوژی تولیدپراکنده....................................................................................................................................................25

2-3-3- قابلیت فنی تولیدات پراکنده........................................................................................................................................................25

2-4- مشخصه عملکردی تکنولوژی‌هایDG.....................................................................................................................................26

2-5- مزایای استفاده ازمولدهایDG.................................................................................................................................................27

2-6-قابلیت‌های فنی موردنیازDG......................................................................................................................................................... 29

2-7- قوانین موجود در ارتباط با اتصالDGبه شبکه..............................................................................................................................31

2-8- تجدید ساختار و محیط رقابتی..................................................................................................................................................33

2-9- نقش تولیدات پراکنده در بازار برق...........................................................................................................................................35

2-10- خلاصه ونتیجه گیری...............................................................................................................................................................36

فصل سوم: مروری بر برنامه‌ریزی بهره‌برداری ازمنابع بادی،خودروهای قابل اتصال به شبکه و راه­کارهای مدیریت مصرف

3-1- مقدمه.............................................................................................................................................................................................38

3-2- منابع بادی..................................................................................................................................................................................38

3-2-1- سیاست­های حمایتی منابع بادی..................................................................................................................................................39

3-3- تاثیرمنابع بادی بر بهره برداری درمحیط رقابتی..............................................................................................................................40

3-4- تاثیرمنابع بادی بردینامیک­های قیمت بازارعمده فروشی................................................................................................................41

3-4-1- تغییرات کوتاه مدت قیمت...........................................................................................................................................................41

3-4-2- قیمت­های منفی...........................................................................................................................................................................42

3-5- ساختار بازارهای تعادل درحضورمنابع بادی..............................................................................................................................43

3-6- تأثیرات افزایش نرخ نفوذ منابع بادی بر برنامه­ریزی دیگرنیروگاه­ها..........................................................................................44

3-7- راه­کارهای موجود جهت کاهش ریسک سرمایه گذاری درچنین محیط رقابتی........................................................................45

3-7-1- مکانیزم تشویقFIT................................................................................................................................................... .................46

3-7-2-مدل سهم مشخص وگواهینامه سبز..............................................................................................................................................47

3-7-3-حراج............................................................................................................................................................................................47

3-7-4- تشویق مالی واعتبار مالیاتی.........................................................................................................................................................47

3-8-برنامه های مدیریت مصرف.........................................................................................................................................................48

3-8-1 مزایای حضورمشتریان در بازار.....................................................................................................................................................49

3-8-2-توسعه مدل­های خطی برنامه‌های پاسخگویی‌بار...........................................................................................................................50

3-8-3- الاستیسیته قیمتی تقاضا ............................................................................................................................................................... 52

3-9-خودروهای برق­ده قابل اتصال به شبکه درسیستم‌های قدرت....................................................................................................56

3-9-1- ضرورت درنظرگرفتن خودروهای برق­ده به عنوان ذخیره ­ساز....................................................................................................57

3-9-2-فناوری خودرو- به- شبکه...........................................................................................................................................................59

3-9-3-جایگاه فناوری خودرو- به- شبکه درسیستم قدرت.....................................................................................................................60

3-10- مرورادبیات مسئله برنامه­ریزی بهره­برداری از منابع تولیدپراکنده،ذخیره ­سازها وراهکارهای مدیریت مصرف.............................61

3-11- تفاوت کارانجام شده دراین پایان­نامه با کارهای گذشته................................................................................................................66

3-12-خلاصه ونتیجه­گیری......................................................................................................................................................................67

فصل چهارم : مدل­سازی برنامه‌ریزی بهره‌برداری با در نظرگرفتن منابع بادی،خودروهای برق ده و راهکارهای مدیریت مصرف

4-1 –مقدمه.........................................................................................................................................................................................70

4-2-فرضیات اصلی................................................................................................................................................. ......................71

4-3 – شرح چارچوب پیشنهادی............................................................................................................................................................72

4-3-1- نحوه مدل­ سازی منابع بادی........................................................................................................................................................72

4-3-2- عدم قطعیت­های منطقی (استراتژیک).........................................................................................................................................75

4-4- فرمول­بندی ریاضی مسئله برنامه­ریزی بهره­برداری....................................................................................................................76

4-4-1- مسئله بهینه ­سازی برنامه­ریزی.....................................................................................................................................................76

4-4-2- مسئله بهینه­سازی سود بازیگران در بهره­برداری..........................................................................................................................77

4-4-3- مدل بازار ومحاسبه قیمت...........................................................................................................................................................80

4-4-4- نحوه درنظرگرفتن مدل احتمالی منابع بادی درچارچوب پیشنهادی.............................................................................................83

4-4-5-مدل­سازی هزینه سرمایه­گذاری....................................................................................................................................................83

4-5- مدل پیشنهادی برای بهره برداری ازخودروهای برق­ده.............................................................................................................84

4-6- خلاصه ونتیجه گیری................................................................................................................................................................86

فصل پنجم: مطالعات عددی

5-1 –مقدمه.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 89

5-2- شبکه نمونه....................................................................................................................................................................................89

5-3-مطالعات عددی وتحلیل نتایج با درنظرگرفتن نقش منابع بادی درکنار راهکار مدیریت مصرف............................................... 90

5-3-1-آنالیز تحلیل حساسیت نسبت به سقف قیمت بازار.......................................................................................................................91

5-3-2-درنظرگرفتن خروجی­ها به صورت احتمالاتی.............................................................................................................................. 93

5-4- برنامه ریزی بهره­برداری از منابع بادی وخودروهای برق ده درکنار اجرای راهکارهای مدیریت مصرف..................................... 94

5-4-1- مطالعه عددی و تحلیل نتایج،نقش خودروهای برق ده درافزایش ضریب ظرفیت منابع بادی......................................................95

5-5- نتیجه­گیری وخلاصه.................................................................................................................................................................... 98

فصل ششم : جمع­بندی،نتیجه­گیری وپیشنهادها

6-1- جمع­بندی ونتیجه­گیری.............................................................................................................................................................  100

6-2- پیشنهادها................................................................................................................................................................................... 101

منابع

- الف: منابع غیرفارسی........................................................................................................................................................................103

چکیده انگلیسی........................................................................................................................................................................................106

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