فهرست:
چکیده. 1
فصل اول: کلیات و مروری بر متون.. 2
مقدمه و مروری بر متون.. 2
مقدمه. 3
واکنشهای لیکنوئیدی.. 3
واکنش رد پیوند علیه میزبان GVHD)=( Graft Versus-host disease:. 4
کنترل و درمان GVHD... 4
لیکن پلان.. 5
انواع لیکن پلان دهانی.. 5
لیکن پلان رتیکولار 6
لیکن پلان اروزیو و زخمی.. 6
لیکن پلان پاپولر. 6
لیکن پلان پلاک مانند. 6
لیکن پلان بولوز 7
لیکن پلان آتروفیک.... 7
لیکن پلان پیگمانته. 7
پاتوفیزیولوژی.. 8
1. نقش سیستم ایمنی با واسطه سلولی.. 8
2. نقش سایتوکاین ها 9
3. نقش آنتی اکسیدان ها 10
تشخیص OLP.. 11
لیکن پلان و خطر تبدیل به بدخیمی.. 11
درمان ها 13
1.کورتیکو استروییدهای موضعی و سیستمیک.... 13
2. مهار کنندههای کلسی نورین.. 13
3.رتینوئید ها 14
4.استفاده از سیستمهای نوری.. 15
5. برداشتن پلاک و جرم بالا و زیر لثه ای.. 15
6.کنترل استرس.... 15
درمانهای جایگزین.. 16
محصولات کندوی عسل.. 17
بره موم (پروپولیس) 17
ژله شاهانه. 17
عسل.. 17
خواص عسل.. 18
عسل و دستگاه ایمنی.. 18
خاصیت ضد التهابی.. 18
اثر آنتی میکروبیال.. 19
عسل و ترمیم زخم.. 20
عسل و اثر ضد سرطان.. 21
مروری بر متون.. 22
مقالات مربوط به درمانهای مختلف لیکن پلان(آلترناتیو و غیر الترناتیو) 22
مقالات مربوط به اثر عسل و دیگر محصولات کندوی زنبور عسل در درمان بیماریهای مختلف... 25
اثر آنتی میکروبیال.. 25
اثر ترمیم زخم.. 26
اثر ضد التهاب... 28
اثرات ضد سرطان.. 29
دیگر اثرات... 30
فصل دوم: مواد و روش ها 31
بیان مسئله و ضرورت انجام تحقیق... 32
اهداف و فرضیات... 32
الف) هدف کلی.. 32
ب) اهداف اختصاصی.. 33
ج) اهداف کاربردی.. 33
د) فرضیات یا سؤالات تحقیق.. 33
روش اجرای طرح.. 34
روش تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها و بررسی آماری: 41
معیارهای ورود و خروج مطالعه. 42
معیارهای ورود: 42
معیارهای خروج.. 42
فصل سوم:یافته ها 43
یافته ها 44
بررسی بیماران از لحاظ تعداد و دیگر متغیر ها 44
الف.توزیع جنسی: 44
ب.میزان تحصیلات: 44
ج.سابقه درمانی: 45
بررسی تحلیلی عوامل موثر. 45
الف.همگن بودن دو گروه 45
1.جنس.... 46
2.سن.. 46
3.سابقه درمان قبلی لیکن پلان.. 47
4.اندازه و شدت درد و سوزش.... 47
5.اندازه و شدت ضایعه آتروفیک و اروزیو. 48
6.اندازه و شدت ضایعه زخمی.. 48
7.اندازه و شدت ابتلا به بیماری.. 48
8. تعداد سال ابتلا به بیماری.. 48
9.تعداد ضایعات... 48
10.محل ضایعات... 49
11.رابطه میزان تحصیلات و بهبودی.. 49
ب) بررسی متغیرها در جریان مطالعه. 49
1- میانگین میزان بهبودی ضایعات محلهای گوناگون به تفکیک گروه(مقایسه جلسه ویزیت و جلسه آخر) 49
2-میزان درد و سوزش.... 50
3-اندازه و شدت ضایعه آتروفیک و اروزیو. 52
4.اندازه ضایعه زخمی.. 54
5.شدت ابتلا به بیماری.. 55
ج.بررسی تعداد بیماران با بهبودی کامل و متوسط در هر گروه در پایان مطالعه. 57
1.میزان بهبودی درد و سوزش در گروه 57
2.میزان بهبودی اندازه ضایعه آتروفیک.... 58
3.میزان بهبودی اندازه ضایعه زخمی.. 58
4.شدت بیماری.. 58
میزان رضایت از درمان.. 59
فصل چهارم: بحث و نتیجهگیری.. 60
بحث و نتیجه گیری.. 61
میزان مصرف و طریقه مصرف عسل.. 64
سن و جنس.... 65
بهبودی درد و سوزش و شدت ضایعات... 65
شدت درد و سوزش و اندازه ضایعات طی جلسات... 67
پیشنهادت... 69
منابع.. 70
تصاویر. 82
Abstract.. 89
منبع:
1. Greenberg M,Glick M,Ship J.Burket's oral medicine 11th edi.BC Decker INC,Hamilton.2008;p41-106
2. Pendyala G, Joshi S, Kalburge J, Joshi M, Tejnani A. Oral Lichen Planus: A Report and Review of an Autoimmune-Mediated Condition in Gingiva. Compendium of continuing education in dentistry (Jamesburg, NJ : 1995). 2012;33(8): 102-108.
3. Ismail SB, Kumar SK, Zain RB. Oral lichen planus and lichenoid reactions: etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, management and malignant transformation. Journal of oral science. 2007;49(2): 89-106.
4. Bratel J, Hakeberg M, Jontell M. Effect of replacement of dental amalgam on oral lichenoid reactions. Journal of dentistry. 1996;24(1):41-45.
5. Hiremath SK, Kale AD, Charantimath S. Oral lichenoid lesions: clinico-pathological mimicry and its diagnostic implications. Indian journal of dental research : official publication of Indian Society for Dental Research. 2011;22(6):827-834.
6. Ismail SB, Kumar SKS, Zain RB. Oral lichen planus and lichenoid reactions: etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, management and malignant transformation. Journal of oral science. 2007;49(2):89
7. Imanguli MM, Alevizos I, Brown R, Pavletic SZ, Atkinson JC. Oral graft-versus-host disease. Oral diseases. 2008;14(5):396-412.
8. Schubert MM, Correa ME. Oral graft-versus-host disease. Dental clinics of North America. 2008;52(1):79-109,
9. Mays J, Fassil H, Edwards D, Pavletic S, Bassim C. Oral chronic graft-versus-host disease: current pathogenesis, therapy, and research. Oral diseases. 2012.
10. Neville BW,Damm DD, Allen CM,Bouquot JE. Oral and maxillo facial pathology. 3rd ed. printed in china: saunders Elsevier 2009; 409 : 786- 788.
11. Georgakopoulou EA, Achtari MD, Achtaris M, Foukas PG, Kotsinas A. Oral lichen planus as a preneoplastic inflammatory model. Journal of biomedicine & biotechnology. 2012;2012:626-759
12. Epstein JB, Wan LS, Gorsky M, Zhang L. Oral lichen planus: progress in understanding its malignant potential and the implications for clinical management. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics. 2003;96(1):32-37.
13. Nico MM, Fernandes JD, Lourenco SV. Oral lichen planus. Anais brasileiros de dermatologia. 2011;86(4):633-641; 42-43.
14. Lener EV, Brieva J, Schachter M, West LE, West DP, el-Azhary RA. Successful treatment of erosive lichen planus with topical tacrolimus. Archives of dermatology. 2001;137(4):419-422
15. Scully C, Beyli M, Ferreiro M, Ficarra G, Gill Y, Griffiths M, et al. Update on oral lichen planus: etiopathogenesis and management. Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine. 1998;9(1):86-122
16. Andreasen J. Oral lichen planus: I. A clinical evaluation of 115 cases. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology. 1968;25(1):31-42
17. Pock L, Jelinkova L, Drlik L, Abrhamova S, Vojtechovska S, Sezemska D, et al. Lichen planus pigmentosus-inversus. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 2001;15(5):452-454.
18. Srinivas K, Aravinda K, Ratnakar P, Nigam N, Gupta S. Oral lichen planus - Review on etiopathogenesis. Natl J Maxillofac Surg. 2011;2(1):15-16
19. Brant JM, Vasconcelos AC, Rodrigues LV. Role of apoptosis in erosive and reticular oral lichen planus exhibiting variable epithelial thickness. Brazilian dental journal. 2008;19(3):179-185.
20. Sugerman PB, Savage NW, Walsh LJ, Zhao ZZ, Zhou XJ, Khan A, et al. The pathogenesis of oral lichen planus. Critical reviews in oral biology and medicine : an official publication of the American Association of Oral Biologists. 2002;13(4):350-365.
21. Sharma R, Sircar K, Singh S, Rastogi V. Role of mast cells in pathogenesis of oral lichen planus. Journal of oral and maxillofacial pathology : 2011;15(3):267-271
22. Vincent SD, Fotos PG, Baker KA, Williams TP. Oral lichen planus: the clinical, historical, and therapeutic features of 100 cases. Oral surgery, oral medicine, and oral pathology. 1990;70(2):165-171.
23. Kalogerakou F, Albanidou-Farmaki E, Markopoulos AK, Antoniades DZ. Detection of T cells secreting type 1 and type 2 cytokines in the peripheral blood of patients with oral lichen planus. Hippokratia. 2008;12(4):230-235.
24. Sander C, Cooper S, Ali I, Dean D, Thiele J, Wojnarowska F. Decreased antioxidant enzyme expression and increased oxidative damage in erosive lichen planus of the vulva. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology. 2005;112(11):1572-1575
25. Upadhyay RB, Carnelio S, Shenoy RP, Gyawali P, Mukherjee M. Oxidative stress and antioxidant defense in oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid reaction. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. 2010;70(4):222-225.
26. Chainani-Wu N. Safety and anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin: a component of tumeric (Curcuma longa). The Journal of Alternative & Complementary Medicine. 2003;9(1):161-168
27. Laeijendecker R, Van Joost T, Tank B, Oranje AP, Neumann H. Oral lichen planus in childhood. Pediatric dermatology. 2005;22(4):299-304
28. دلیرثانی ز، دلاوریان ز، جوادزاده ع، طوفانی اصل ح، فلکی ف.مجله دانشکده دندانپزشکی مشهد/ سال 1386 جلد3/شماره 4: 279-84
29. Delavarian Z, Javadzadeh-Bolouri A, Dalirsani Z, Arshadi HR, Toofani-Asl H. The evaluation of psychiatric drug therapy on oral lichen planus patients with psychiatric disorders. Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal. 2010;15(2): 322-327.
30. Ukonu AB, Augustine U. The prevalence of hepatitis C Virus (HCV) among lichen planus patients and its clinical pattern at the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria. Global journal of health science. 2012;4(5):113-119.
31virus and oral lichen planus: HCV and oral Lichen Planus. Hepatitis monthly. 2011;11(2):132-133.
32. Jacobson EJ, Van Dis M, van der Meij E, Schepman K, Smeele L, van der Wal J, et al. A review of the recent literature regarding malignant transformation of oral lichen planus. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology and Endodontology. 199;88(3):307-310
33. Mignogna MD, Fedele S, Lo Russo L. Dysplasia/neoplasia surveillance in oral lichen planus patients: A description of clinical criteria adopted at a single centre and their impact on prognosis. Oral oncology. 2006;42(8):819-824
34. Mignogna M, Lo Muzio L, Lo Russo L, Fedele S, Ruoppo E, Bucci E. Clinical guidelines in early detection of oral squamous cell carcinoma arising in oral lichen planus: a 5-year experience. Oral oncology. 2001;37(3):262-267
35. Carronzzo M,ThprpeR.Oral lichen planus:a review.Minerva Stomatol.2009;58(10):37-519
36. Lodi G, Carrozzo M, Furness S, Thongprasom K. Interventions for treating oral lichen planus: a systematic review. British journal of dermatology. 2012
37. Lavanya N, Jayanthi P, Rao UK, Ranganathan K. Oral lichen planus: An update on pathogenesis and treatment. Journal of oral and maxillofacial pathology : 2011;15(2):127-132
38. Lopez-Jornet P, Camacho-Alonso F, Salazar-Sanchez N. Topical tacrolimus and pimecrolimus in the treatment of oral lichen planus: an update. Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology. 2010;39(3):201-205
39. Yoke PC, Tin GB, Kim MJ, Rajaseharan A, Ahmed S, Thongprasom K, et al. A randomized controlled trial to compare steroid with cyclosporine for the topical treatment of oral lichen planus. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics. 2006;102(1):47-55
40. Laeijendecker R, Tank B, Dekker SK, Neumann HA. A comparison of treatment of oral lichen planus with topical tacrolimus and triamcinolone acetonide ointment. Acta dermato-venereologica. 2006;86(3):227-229
41. Schuurman HJ, Pally C, Fringeli-Tanner M, Papageorgiou C. Comparative efficacy of mycophenolate sodium (MPS) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) with and without cyclosporine in rat transplantation models. Transplantation. 2001;72(11):1176-1783
42. Rautava J, Pollanen M, Laine MA, Willberg J, Lukkarinen H, Soukka T. Effects of tacrolimus on an organotypic raft-culture model mimicking oral mucosa. Clinical and experimental dermatology. 2012;37(8):897-903
43. Lodi G, Scully C, Carrozzo M, Griffiths M, Sugerman PB, Thongprasom K. Current controversies in oral lichen planus: report of an international consensus meeting. Part 2. Clinical management and malignant transformation. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics. 2005;100(2):164-178
44. Aghahosseini F, Arbabi-Kalati F, Fashtami LA, Fateh M, Djavid GE. Treatment of oral lichen planus with photodynamic therapy mediated methylene blue: a case report. Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal. 2006;11(2): 126-129
45. Van der Hem PS, Egges M, van der Wal JE, Roodenburg JL.CO2 laser evaporation of oral lichen planus. International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery.2008;37(7):630-363.
46. فرازی - ف. استاد راهنما : دکتر امیرچقماقی - دکتر دلاوریان. مقایسه اثر درمانی کوئرستین با درمان رایج لیکن پلان اروزیو - آتروفیک دهانی.شماره پایان نامه:412
47. Choonhakarn C, Busaracome P, Sripanidkulchai B, Sarakarn P. The efficacy of aloe vera gel in the treatment of oral lichen planus: a randomized controlled trial. The British journal of dermatology. 2008;158(3):573-757.
48. Beigom Taheri J, Anbari F, Maleki Z, Boostani S, Zarghi A, Pouralibaba F. Efficacy of Elaeagnus angustifolia Topical Gel in the Treatment of Symptomatic Oral Lichen Planus. Journal of dental research, dental clinics, dental prospects2010;4(1):29-32.
49. Biswal BM, Zakaria A, Ahmad NM. Topical application of honey in the management of radiation mucositis. A preliminary study. Supportive care in cancer. 2003;11(4):242-248
50. ارزش دارویی غذایی محصولات کندو / تالیف زهره تابعی - مشهد؛ سخن برتر، 1384
51. Viuda-Martos M, Ruiz-Navajas Y, Fernández-López J, Pérez-Álvarez J. Functional properties of honey, propolis, and royal jelly. Journal of food science. 2008;73(9):117-124.
52. Sforcin J. Propolis and the immune system: a review. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2007;113(1):1-14
53. Motallebnejad M, Akram S, Moghadamnia A, Moulana Z, Omidi S. The effect of topical application of pure honey on radiation-induced mucositis: a randomized clinical trial. The journal of contemporary dental practice. 2008:9(3):40-47.
54. Erejuwa OO, Sulaiman SA, Wahab MSA. Honey - A Novel Antidiabetic Agent. Int J Biol Sci. 2012;8(6):913-934
55. Biesaga M, Pyrzynska K. Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry studies of the phenolic compounds in honey. Journal of chromatography A. 2009;1216(38):6620-6626.
56. Michalkiewicz A, Biesaga M, Pyrzynska K. Solid-phase extraction procedure for determination of phenolic acids and some flavonols in honey. Journal of chromatography A. 2008;1187(1-2):18-24.
57. Tonks AJ, Cooper RA, Jones KP, Blair S, Parton J, Tonks A. Honey stimulates inflammatory cytokine production from monocytes . 2003;21(5):242-247.
58. Carilli S. Comment to: topical honey application vs. acyclovir for the treatment of recurrent herpes simplex lesions 2005;11(12):LE24. Epub 2005 Nov 24
59. Fukuda M, Kobayashi K, Hirono Y, Miyagawa M, Ishida T, Ejiogu EC, et al. Jungle honey enhances immune function and antitumor activity. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : 2011;2011:743-908.
60. Othman NH. Honey and cancer: sustainable inverse relationship particularly for developing nations-a review. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine .2012;2012:406-410.
61. Alnaqdy A, Al-Jabri A, Al Mahrooqi Z, Nzeako B, Nsanze H. Inhibition effect of honey on the adherence of Salmonella to intestinal epithelial cells in vitro. International journal of food microbiology. 2005;103(3):347-351.
62. Ranzato E, Martinotti S, Burlando B. Epithelial mesenchymal transition traits in honey-driven keratinocyte wound healing: comparison among different honeys. Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society. 2012;20(5):778-785.
63. Henriques AF, Jenkins RE, Burton NF, Cooper RA. The intracellular effects of manuka honey on Staphylococcus aureus. European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology. 2010;29(1):45-50.
64. Ahuja A, Ahuja V. Apitherapy-A sweet approach to dental diseases-Part I: Honey. Journal of Advanced Dental Research: 2010;1(1):81
65. French VM, Cooper RA, Molan PC. The antibacterial activity of honey against coagulase-negative staphylococci. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy. 2005;56(1):228-231.
66. Al-Jabri AA, Al-Hosni SA, Nzeako BC, Al-Mahrooqi ZH, Nsanze H. Antibacterial activity of Omani honey alone and in combination with gentamicin. Saudi medical journal. 2005;26(5):767-771.
67. Simon A, Traynor K, Santos K, Blaser G, Bode U, Molan P. Medical honey for wound care—still the ‘latest resort’? Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2009;6(2):165-173
68. Santos-Silva AR, ROSA GB, Eduardo CP, Dias RB, Brandao TB. Increased risk for radiation-related caries in cancer patients using topical honey for the prevention of oral mucositis. International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery. 2011;40(11):1335-1336
69. Bergman A, Yanai J, Weiss J, Bell D, David MP. Acceleration of wound healing by topical application of honey: an animal model. The American journal of surgery. 1983;145(3):374-376
70. Subrahmanyam M, Sahapure A, Nagane N, Bhagwat V, Ganu J. Effects of topical application of honey on burn wound healing. Age (yr). 2001;26(1):22-25
71. Visavadia BG, Honeysett J, Danford MH. Manuka honey dressing: An effective treatment for chronic wound infections. British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2008;46(1) :55-56
72. Ghaly MF, Shalabi MA, Shash SM, Baraka DM, Aly RA. Control of bacterial contamination of bed source by using some natural extracts/ Journal of applied sciences research, 2010;6(1): 70 - 80
73. Dunford C, Cooper R, Molan P, White R. The use of honey in wound management. Nursing standard. 2000;15(11):63-68
74. Efem S. Clinical observations on the wound healing properties of honey. British journal of Surgery. 1988;75(7):679-681
75. Othman NH. Honey and Cancer: Sustainable Inverse Relationship Particularly for Developing Nations—A Review. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2012,2012
76. Jaganathan SK, Mandal M. Antiproliferative effects of honey and of its polyphenols: a review. Journal of biomedicine and biotechnology. 2009;2009:406-410
77. Aljadi A, Kamaruddin M. Evaluation of the phenolic contents and antioxidant capacities of two Malaysian floral honeys. Food Chemistry. 2004;85(4):513-518.
78. Heuson JC, Legros N. Influence of insulin deprivation on growth of the 7, 12-dimethylbenz (a) anthracene-induced mammary carcinoma in rats subjected to alloxan diabetes and food restriction. Cancer research. 1972;32(2):226-232.
79. Estevinho L, Pereira AP, Moreira L, Dias LG, Pereira E. Antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of phenolic compounds extracts of Northeast Portugal honey. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 2008;46(12):3774-3779
80. Fukuda M, Kobayashi K, Hirono Y, Miyagawa M, Ishida T, Ejiogu EC, et al. Jungle honey enhances immune function and antitumor activity. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2010;2011.743-908
81. صبا - م. استاد راهنما: دکتر پاک فطرت، مقایسه اثر پماد پیمکرولیموس موضعی 0.1% و تریامسینولون استوناید در پایه مخاط چسب بر28 بیمار مبتلا به لیکن پلان دهانی اروزیو و آتروفیک. شماره پایان نامه:2439
82. Agha-Hosseini F, Moslemi E, Mirzaii-Dizgah I. Comparative evaluation of and CO< sub> 2 laser in treatment of patients with oral lichen planus. International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery.2012.41(10):1265-1269
83. Jajarm HH, Falaki F, Mahdavi O. A comparative pilot study of low intensity laser versus topical corticosteroids in the treatment of erosive-atrophic oral lichen planus. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery. 2011;29(6):421-425
84. بیداد - س. استاد راهنما: دکتر فلکی، دکتر پاک فطرت، بررسی اثر درمانی جراحی با لیزر CO2 بر لیکن پلان اروزیو - آتروفیک مقاوم به درمان. شماره پایان نامه:481
85. Reddy R, Ramesh T, Singh T, Swapna L, Laxmi N. Randomized trial of aloe vera gel vs triamcinolone acetonide ointment in the treatment of oral lichen planus. Quintessence international (Berlin, Germany: 1985). 2012;43(9):793-800
86. Abbasi F, Jokar Leila AK, Osia Mali, Hamidi H. Comparisom of therapeutic effects of triamcinolone acetonide and dexamethazone in oral lichen planus. Pajouhesh dar pezeshki. 2010; 34(4):244-248.
87. Iraji F, Faghihi G, Asilian A, Siadat AH, Larijani FT, Akbari M. Comparison of the narrow band UVB versus systemic corticosteroids in the treatment of lichen planus: A randomized clinical trial. Journal of Research in Medical Sciences: The Official Journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. 2011;16(12): 1578–1582
88. Heppermann B. Towards evidence based emergency medicine: Best BETs from the Manchester Royal Infirmary. Bet 3. Honey for the symptomatic relief of cough in children with upper respiratory tract infections. Emergency medicine journal : 2009;26(7):522-523.
89. English H, Pack A, Molan P. The effects of manuka honey on plaque and gingivitis: a pilot study. Journal of the International Academy of Periodontology. 2004;6(2): 63-67
90. Shenoy VP, Ballal M, Shivananda P, Bairy I. Honey as an antimicrobial agent against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from infected wounds. Journal of Global Infectious Diseases2012;4(2): 102–105
91. Al-Waili N. Clinical and mycological benefits of topical application of honey, olive oil and beeswax in diaper dermatitis. Clinical microbiology and infection. 2005;2(11):160-163
92. بناییان بروجنی ش,راستی بروجنی م,مقیم ح,ولیدی م,مبینی غ,کاظمیان ا. بررسی تاثیر آزمایشگاهی عسل بر کاندیدا آلبیکانس و لاکتوباسیلوس. مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهرکرد زمستان 1388; 11(4 (ویژه نامه طب تکمیلی)):52-58.
93. مهدوی عمران س,ملیجی ق,سفیدگرع,یوسفی مح,حاجی احمدی م,موسوی ج,شفیعی م. اثر عسل شمال ایران بر کاندیدا آلبیکانس. مجله علمی پژوهشی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بابل آذر و دی 1387; 10(5 (پی در پی 46)):15-22.
94. Van Den Berg A, Van den Worm E, Van Ufford HCQ, Halkes S, Hoekstra M, Beukelman C. An in vitro examination of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of buckwheat honey. Journal of Wound care. 2008;17(4):172-178
95. مهربانی محمد، حسینی محمد علی، نوروزی تبریزی کیان، کریملو مسعود. بررسی مقایسه تاثیر پانسمان عسل با پانسمان هیدروکلوئید بر ترمیم زخم فشاری بیماران بستری در بخشهای ویژه . فصلنامه مدیریت ارتقای سلامت. 1391; 1 (3) :37-45
96. Tan MK, Adli H, Sharifah D, Tumiran MA, Abdulla MA, Yusoff KM. The efficacy of Gelam Honey dressing towards excisional wound healing. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2012;2012. Article ID 805932.
97. Iftikhar F, Arshad M, Rasheed F, Amraiz D, Anwar P, Gulfraz M. Effects of acacia honey on wound healing in various rat models. Phytotherapy Research. 2009;24(4):583-586
98. Yilmaz N, Nisbet O, Nisbet C, Ceylan G, Hoşgör F, Dede O. Biochemical evaluation of the therapeutic effectiveness of honey in oral mucosal ulcers. Bosnian journal of basic medical sciences/Udruzenje basicnih mediciniskih znanosti= Association of Basic Medical Sciences. 2009;9(4):290-295
99. بیات محمد,کریمی مجتبی,شاهوردی عبدالحسین . اثر کاربرد موضعی عسل بر سوختگی با ضخامت کامل پوست موش صحرایی / یاخته بهار 1379; 2(5):33-37
100. Abdulrhman M, El Barbary NS, Ahmed Amin D, Saeid Ebrahim R. Honey and a Mixture of Honey, Beeswax, and Olive Oil-Propolis Extract in Treatment of Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. Pediatric Hematology-Oncology. 2012;29(3):285-292
101. نظری - ف. استاد راهنما: دکتر دلاوریان - دکتر پاک فطرت، بررسی اثر بره موم (Propolis) در کنترل دفعات عود استوماتیت آفتی راجعه. شماره پایان نامه:475
102. تنکابنی - الف . استاد راهنما: دکتر جواد زاده، دکتر پاک فطرت. بررسی تاثیر دهانشویه بره موم (Propolis) در پیشگیری و درمان التهاب مخاط ناشی از پرتو درمانیدر سرطانهای سر و گردن.شماره پایان نامه:252
103. ابراهیمی ن,علیجانزاده کاشی م,خزایی ن,اشک تراب ط,علوی مجد ح. بررسی تاثیر عسل در بهبود استوماتیت بیماران تحت شیمی درمانی بستری در بیمارستانهای دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی. نشریه دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی بهار 1385; 16(52):34-39
104. Attia W, Gabry M, El-Shaikh K, Othman G. The anti-tumor effect of bee honey in Ehrlich ascite tumor model of mice is coincided with stimulation of the immune cells. The Egyptian journal of immunology/Egyptian Association of Immunologists. 2008;15(2):169-183
105. Ahmad A, Khan RA, Mesaik MA. Anti inflammatory effect of natural honey on bovine thrombin-induced oxidative burst in phagocytes. Phytotherapy Research. 2009;23(6):801-808
106. El-Gendy M. In vitro, Evaluation of Medicinal Activity of Egyptian Honey from Different Floral Sources as Anticancer and Antimycotic Infective Agents. J Microbial Biochem Technol 2010;2(5): 118-123.
107. Gupta N, Kathuria N, Gulati M. Efficacy of honey to promote oral wellness.2011;1(2):584-589
108. Amichai B, Grunwald MH. Adverse drug reactions of the new oral antifungal agents–terbinafine, fluconazole, and itraconazole. International journal of dermatology. 2002;37(6):410-415
109. Saawarn N, Shashikanth M, Saawarn S, Jirge V, Chaitanya N, Pinakapani R. Lycopene in the management of oral lichen planus: A placebo-controlled study. Indian Journal of Dental Research. 2011;22(5):639-643
110. Cribier B, Frances C, Chosidow O. Treatment of lichen planus: an evidence-based medicine analysis of efficacy. Archives of dermatology. 1998;134(12):1521-1530
111. Alvarez-Suarez JM, Tulipani S, Díaz D, Estevez Y, Romandini S, Giampieri F, et al. Antioxidant and antimicrobial capacity of several monofloral Cuban honeys and their correlation with color, polyphenol content and other chemical compounds. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 2010;48(8):2490-2499
112. Tonks A, Cooper R, Jones K, Blair S, Parton J, Tonks A. Honey stimulates inflammatory cytokine production from monocytes. Cytokine. 2003;21(5):242-247
113. Guyot A, Farhi D, Ingen-Housz-Oro S, Bussel A, Parquet N, Rabian C, et al. Treatment of refractory erosive oral lichen planus with extracorporeal photochemotherapy: 12 cases. British journal of dermatology. 2007;156(3):553-556
114. Chainani-Wu N, Madden E, Lozada-Nur F, Silverman Jr S. High-dose curcuminoids are efficacious in the reduction in symptoms and signs of oral lichen planus. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2012;66(5):752-760
115. Bardy J, Molassiotis A, Ryder WD, Mais K, Sykes A, Yap B, et al. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised trial of active manuka honey and standard oral care for radiation-induced oral mucositis. British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2012;50(3):221-226
116. Taheri JB, Anbari F, Maleki Z, Boostani S, Zarghi A, Pouralibaba F. Efficacy of Elaeagnus angustifolia topical gel in the treatment of symptomatic oral lichen planus. Journal of dental research, dental clinics, dental prospects. 2010;4(1):29-32
117. Malhotra AK, Khaitan BK, Sethuraman G, Sharma VK. Betamethasone oral mini-pulse therapy compared with topical triamcinolone acetonide (0.1%) paste in oral lichen planus: A randomized comparative study. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2008;58(4):596-602
118. Pakfetrat A, BASIR SS, FALAKI F. Five year clinical and epidemiologic findings of oral lichen planus patients referred to oral medicine department of Mashhad Dental