فهرست:
(1) فصل اول: 5
(1-1) پیشگفتار 6
(2-1) کلیات.. 7
1-2-1 تکامل دندان. 7
2-2-1 نحوه تشکیل کانال های لترالی.. 10
3-2-1 شناسایی کانال های لترالی.. 11
4-2-1 جایگاه و شیوع کانال های لترالی.. 12
5-2-1 شکل بندی های مختلف کانال های ریشه ای.. 12
6-2-1 مورفولوژی دندان های مولر اول و دوم ماگزیلا.. 15
7-2-1 انواع روش های شناسایی مورفولوژی کانال های دندانی به صورت آزمایشگاهی.. 17
(3-1) مروری بر مطالعات انجام شده. 19
(4-1) بیان مساله.. 38
(5-1) اهداف و فرضیات مطالعه.. 40
(2) فصل دوم: روش کار 42
1-2 جمعیت مورد مطالعه.. 43
2-2 حجم نمونه.. 44
3-2 جمع آوری دندان ها 45
4-2 تهیه کلیشه های CBCT 46
5-2 تعیین مورفولوژی دندان. 47
6-2 شیوه نمونه گیری.. 48
7-2 گردآوری داده ها 49
8-2 روش تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها 49
9-2 متغیر های مورد مطالعه.. 50
(3) فصل سوم: نتایج 51
(4) فصل چهارم: بحث و نتیجهگیری 61
(5) منابع.. 71
منبع:
1. Ng YL, Aung TH, Alavi A, Gulabivala K. Root and canal morphology of Burmese maxillary molars. Int Endod J 2001; 34: 620–30.
2.Neelakantan P, Subbarao C, Ahuja R, Subbarao CV, Gutmann JL. Cone-beam computed tomography study of root and canal morphology of maxillary first and second molars in an Indian population. J Endod 2010; 36: 1622-7.
3.Lewis AB, Garn SM. The Relationship Between Tooth Formation and Other Maturational Factors. Angle Orthodontics 1960; 30(2): 70-76.
4.Holland GR, Torabinejad M. The dental pulp and periradicular tissues. In: Endodontics principles and practice. Torabinejad M, Walton RE. 4th ed, Saunders Co, St Louis: Missouri. 2009; 1-11.
5.Pashley DH, Liewehr FR. Structure and function of the dentin-pulp complex. In: Cohen S, Hargreaves KM. Pathways of the pulp. 9th ed, Mosby Co, St Louis: Missouri. 2006; 460-474.
6.Bhaskar SN. Orban’s oral histology and embryology. 10th ed, Mosby Co, St Louis: Missouri. 1986; 37-138.
7.Weine FS. The enigma of the lateral canal. Dent Clin North Am, 1984; 28(4): 833-852.
8.Dedeus QD. Frequency, location, and direction of the lateral, secondary, and accessory canals. J Endod, 1975; 1(11):361-366
9.Neelakantan P, Subbarao C, Subbarao CV. Comparative evaluation of modified canal staining and clearing technique, cone-beam computed tomography, peripheral quantitative computed tomography, spiral computed tomography, and plain and contrast medium-enhanced digital radiography in studying root canal morphology. J Endod. 2010; 36: 1547-51.
10.Weine FS. Endodontic traphy. 4th ed, Mosby Co, St Louis: Missouri. 1989; 219-233.
11.Vertucci FJ, Haddix JE, Britto LR. Tooth morphology and access cavity preparation. In: Cohen S, Hargreaves KM. Pathways of the pulp. 9th ed, Mosby Co, St Louis: Missouri. 2006; 148-233.
12.Stuart C. White, Michel J Pharoah; Oral Radiology ;6th Ed.St Louis :The CV Mosby 2009;225-243
13.Abuabara A, Baratto-Filho F, Aguiar Anele J, Leonardi DP, Sousa-Neto MD. Efficacy of clinical and radiological methods to identify second mesiobuccal canals in maxillary first molars. Acta Odontol Scand. 2013 Jan;71(1):205-9.
14.Domark JD, Hatton JF, Benison RP, Hildebolt CF. An Ex Vivo Comparison of Digital Radiography and Cone-beam and Micro Computed Tomography in the Detection of the Number of Canals in the Mesiobuccal Roots of Maxillary Molars. J Endod. 2013 Jul;39(7):901-5.
15.Han X, Yang H, Li G, Yang L, Tian C, Wang Y. A study of the distobuccal root canal orifice of the maxillary second molars in Chinese individuals evaluated by cone-beam computed tomography. J Appl Oral Sci. 2012 Sep-Oct;20(5):563-7.
16.Shenoi RP, Ghule HM. CBVT analysis of canal configuration of the mesio-buccal root of maxillary first permanent molar teeth: An in vitro study. Contemp Clin Dent. 2012 Jul;3(3):277-81. doi: 10.4103/0976-237X.103618.Bottom of Form
17.Kim Y, Lee SJ, Woo J. Morphology of maxillary first and second molars analyzed by cone-beam computed tomography in a korean population: variations in the number of roots and canals and the incidence of fusion. J Endod. 2012 Aug;38(8):1063-8.
18.Lee JH, Kim KD, Lee JK, Park W, Jeong JS, Lee Y, et al. Mesiobuccal root canal anatomy of Korean maxillary first and second molars by cone-beam computed tomography. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2011 Jun;111(6):785-91.
19.Lübbers HT, Matthews F, Damerau G, Kruse AL, Obwegeser JA, Grätz KW, Eyrich GK. Anatomy of impacted lower third molars evaluated by computerized tomography: is there an indication for 3-dimensional imaging? Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2011 May;111(5):547-50.
20.Verma P, Love RM. A Micro CT study of the mesiobuccal root canal morphology of the maxillary first molar tooth. Int Endod J. 2011 Mar;44(3):210-7.
21.Krithikadatta J, Kottoor J, Karumaran CS, Rajan G. Mandibular first molar having an unusual mesial root canal morphology with contradictory cone-beam computed tomography findings: a case report. J Endod. 2010 Oct;36(10):1712-6.
22.Blattner TC, George N, Lee CC, Kumar V, Yelton CD. Efficacy of cone-beam computed tomography as a modality to accurately identify the presence of second mesiobuccal canals in maxillary first and second molars: a pilot study. J Endod. 2010 May;36(5):867-70.
23.Song JS, Choi HJ, Jung IY, Jung HS, Kim SO. The prevalence and morphologic classification of distolingual roots in the mandibular molars in a Korean population. J Endod 2010; 36: 653-7.
24.Zheng QH, Wang Y, Zhou XD, Wang Q, Zheng GN, Huang DM. A cone-beam computed tomography study of maxillary first permanent molar root and canal morphology in a Chinese population. J Endod. 2010 Sep;36(9):1480-4.
25.Suomalainen A, Ventä I, Mattila M, Turtola L, Vehmas T, Peltola JS. Reliability of CBCT and other radiographic methods in preoperative evaluation of lower third molars. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2010 Feb;109(2):276-84.
26.Baratto Filho F, Zaitter S, Haragushiku GA, de Campos EA, Abuabara A, Correr GM. Analysis of the internal anatomy of maxillary first molars by using different methods. J Endod. 2009 Mar;35(3):337-42.
27.Chen G, Yao H, Tong C. Investigation of the root canal configuration of mandibular first molars in a Taiwan Chinese population. Int Endod J 2009; 42: 1044-9.
28.Rwenyonyi CM, Kutesa A, Muwazi LM, Buwembo W. Root and canal morphology of mandibular first and second permanent molar teeth in a Ugandan population. Odontology 2009; 97: 92-6.
29.Al-Qudah AA, Awawdeh LA. Root and canal morphology of mandibular first and second molar teeth in a Jordanian population. Int Endod J 2009; 42: 775-84.
30.Khraisat A, Smadi L. Canal configuration in the mesio-buccal root of maxillary first molar teeth of a Jordanian population. Aust Endod J. 2007 Apr;33(1):13-7.
31.آشفته یزدی ک، حسنی ن. بررسی آناتومی داخلی دندان مولر اول فک بالا. مجله دندانپزشکی جامعه اسلامی دندانپزشکان، 1384؛ 17( Suppl.1): 68-74
32.صادقی م، صدر لاهیجانی م. بررسی آزمایشگاهی آناتومی کانال های ریشه دندان های مولر فک بالا. مجله دندانپزشکی جامعه اسلامی دندانپزشکان، 1383؛ 16( 49): 21-14
33.ضرابی م ح ، جلیل زاده ه، درمان ریشه دندان مولر دوم فک بالا با دو ریشه پالاتال: گزارش یک مورد . مجله دانشکده دندانپزشکی مشهد، 1383؛ 28(3): 278-275
34.اقبال م ج، عسگری س، عبد الله وند ر. اصلاح یک اشتباه مصطلح در مورد تعداد کانال های دندان مولر اول بالا . مجله دانشکده دندانپزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، 1381؛ 20(4): 463-459
35.Alavi AM, Opasanon A, Ng YL, Gulabivala K. Root and canal morphology of Thai maxillary molars. Int Endod J. 2002 May;35(5):478-85.
36.al Shalabi RM, Omer OE, Glennon J, Jennings M, Claffey NM. Root canal anatomy of maxillary first and second permanent molars. Int Endod J. 2000 Sep;33(5):405-14.
37.Weine FS, Hayami S, Hata G, Toda T. Canal configuration of the mesiobuccal root of the maxillary first molar of a Japanese sub-population. Int Endod J. 1999 Mar;32(2):79-87.
38.Fogel HM, Peikoff MD, Christie WH. Canal configuration in the mesiobuccal root of the maxillary first molar: a clinical study. J Endod. 1994 Mar;20(3):135-7.