پایان نامه تاثیر یک دوره مکمل دهی ال آرژنین بر پاسخ های VEGF ، اندوستاتین و حداکثر اکسیژن مصرفی کشتی گیران تمرین کرده به دنبال یک جلسه فعالیت وامانده ساز

فهرست:

چکیده فارسی:.      أ

فهرست مطالب:. ب

فهرست جدول‌ها:.   ج

فهرست نمودارها:.      ح

فهرست شکل‌ها:.   خ

فصل اول : طرح پژوهش......................................................................................................................................................................................                                                                                                                    

مقدمه... 2

بیان مسئله... 3

ضرورت و اهمیت پژوهش....... 7

اهداف پژوهش:. 9

فرضیه های پژوهش....... 10

تعاریف واژه‌ها و اصطلاحات..... 11

فصل دوم : ادبیات پژوهش.................................................................................................................................................................................

مبانی نظری.... 14

توسعه عروقی.... 14

آنژیوژنز.. 14

آرتریوژنز.. 15

مکانیزیم های آنژیوژنز.. 16

عوامل اثر گذار بر آنژیوژنز.. 17

الف) عوامل متابولیکی تحریک کننده آنژیوژنز.. 18

1- عامل رشد اندوتلیال عروقی (VEGF).. 19

ایزوفرم های VEGF.... 19

گیرنده های VEGF.... 20

اعمال بیولوژیکی VEGF.... 21

2- نیتریک اکساید(NO):. 22

NO و مکانیزم های آن در عروق خونی.... 23

تولید NO.. 24

انواع آنزیم NOS و عملکرد های آن.... 25

ب) عوامل متابولیکی مهار کننده آنژیوژنز.. 26

1- اندوستاتین.... 26

مکانیزم تولید اندوستاتین.... 27

تاثیرات بیولوژیک و مکانیزم عمل اندوستاتین.... 28

آنژیوژنز و بیماری ها. 30

آنژیوژنز و ورزش...... 31

ورزش و تنظیم کننده های متابولیکی آنژیوژنز.. 32

ال-آرژنین.... 33

منابع تامین ال-آرژنین.... 34

چرا ال آرژنین توسط ورزشکاران و گروه های مختلف مصرف می شود؟.. 34

حداکثر اکسیژن مصرفی.... 36

چگالی مویرگی، حداکثر اکسیژن مصرفی و ورزش کشتی.... 37

مبانی تجربی.... 38

تحقیقات داخل کشور.. 38

تحقیقات خارج کشور.. 41

نتیجه گیری.... 52

فصل سوم : روش پژوهش...................................................................................................................................................................................

نوع پژوهش....... 54

جامعه آماری و نمونه ها ونحوه انتخاب..... 54

معیارهای ورود به پژوهش....... 54

متغیرهای پژوهش....... 54

امکانات و ابزار مورد استفاده.. 55

روش جمع آوری دادهها. 56

الف) اندازه گیری ابعاد بدنی.... 56

ب) اندازه گیری نمونه های خونی.... 57

ج) اندازه گیری نسبت تبادل تنفسی.... 58

د) اندازه گیری حداکثر اکسیژن مصرفی.... 58

ه) اندازه گیری کالری دریافتی روزانه... 58

و) اندازه گیری کالری مصرفی روزانه... 59

روش اجرای پژوهش....... 60

مراحل اجرای پژوهش....... 61

کنترل رژیم غذایی.... 62

پروتکل مصرف مکمل ال-آرژنین.... 62

پروتکل تمرین وامانده ساز.. 62

تمرین کشتی.... 63

ملاحظات اخلاقی ... 65

محدودیت های پژوهش . 66

پیش فرض های پژوهش . 66

روش آماری.... 66

فصل چهارم : یافته های پژوهش....................................................................................................................................................................

توصیف آماری داده ها. 68

استنباط آماری داده ها. 70

آزمون فرضیه ها. 73

فصل پنجم : بحث و نتیجه گیری....................................................................................................................................................................

خلاصه پژوهش....... 79

یافته های پژوهش....... 80

بحث و تفسیر نتایج.... 82

نتیجه گیری کلی.... 90

پیشنهادها. 91

منابع.... 92

پیوست شماره 1: رضایت­نامه شرکت و همکاری در طرح پژوهشی.... 101

پیوست شماره 2: پرسشنامه مشخصات فردی و سابقه پزشکی . 102

پیوست شماره 3: پرسشنامه­ سبک زندگی . 104

پیوست شماره 4: پرسشنامه یاد آمد تغذیه... 106

پیوست شماره 5: پرسشنامۀ ارزیابی فعالیت جسمانی.... 107

چکیده انگلیسی: . 111

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