پایان نامه اثرات وابسته به زمان تمرین تناوبی شدید کوتاه مدت بر پویای جذب اکسیژن دختران

فهرست:

یق

1-1- مقدمه.......................................................................................................................................... 1

1-2- بیان مسأله پژوهشی................................................................................................................. 2

1-3- اهمیت و ضرورت انجام تحقیق.............................................................................................. 7

1-4- اهداف تحقیق............................................................................................................................. 8

1-4-1- هدف اصلی...........................................................................................................................  8

 1-4-2- اهداف فرعی......................................................................................................................... 8

1-5- فرضیه های تحقیق ................................................................................................................  9

1-6- قلمرو تحقیق.............................................................................................................................. 9

1-7- محدودیتهای تحقیق................................................................................................................ 9

 1-8- تعریف واژگان.......................................................................................................................  10

فصل دوّم: ادبیات و پیشینه تحقیق

2-1- مقدمه........................................................................................................................................... 13

2-2- مبانی نظری................................................................................................................................ 13

2-2- 1 تمرین تناوبی(اینتروال):...................................................................................................... 13

       2-2-2- طرح کلی از تمرین گرشلر:................................................................................................ 15  

2-2-3 تمرین اینتروال مدرن:........................................................................................................... 16

2-2-4-  برنامه کلی از تمرین اینتروال مدرن:.............................................................................. 19

  عنوان

                            صفحه

2-2- 5- تمرین تناوبی و حداکثر اکسیژن مصرفی (vo2max)... .................................... 19

2-2-6- تمرین تناوبی (اینتروال) وپویایی جذب اکسیژن:.........................................................21

2-2-7- تمرین های تناوبی و بیماریها:.......................................................................................25

2-2-8- تمرینات تناوبی وتغذیه....................................................................................................26

2-2-9- تمرین اینتروال در زنان....................................................................................................27

2-2-10- تمرین اینتروال در مردان..............................................................................................29

2-2-11- تفاوتهای بین زنان و مردان...........................................................................................30

2-2-12- تمرین اینتروال در افراد مسن.......................................................................................35

2-2-13- تمرین اینتروال در کودکان ونوجوانان..........................................................................36

2-2-14- سازگاری های ساختاری به تمرینات HIIT...............................................................37

2-2- 15- پویایی اکسیژن........................................................................................................... 39

2-2-15-1-نگاهی به پویایی جذب اکسیژن در گذشته...........................................................40

2-2-15-2- مبانی ریاضی پویایی اکسیژن در گذشته...............................................................41

2-2-15-3-مشخصات ورزش در حوزه شدت متوسط..............................................................46

2-2-15-4- پاسخ پویایی VO2 در ورزش سنگین .................................................................48

2-2-15-5- پاسخ پویایی VO2 به ورزش خیلی سنگین........................................................51

2-2-15-6- پاسخ پویایی در دامنه خیلی شدید........................................................................53

عنوان

                            صفحه

2-2-15-7- جزء آهسته.................................................................................................................54

2-2-15-8- پویایی جذب اکسیژن در کودکان...........................................................................56

2-2-15-9- مبانی ریاضی کینتیک..............................................................................................58

2-2-16- مطالعات انجام شده در داخل کشور .........................................................................59

2-2-17- مطالعات انجام شده در خارج از کشور.......................................................................59

فصل سوم: روش شناسی تحقیق

3-1- مقدمه.......................................................................................................................................63

3-2- روش و طرح تحقیق.............................................................................................................63

3-3- جامعه آماری..........................................................................................................................63  

3-4- مراحل تحقیق.......................................................................................................................63

3-5- نمودار روش کار.....................................................................................................................64

3-6- روش اجرای تحقیق...............................................................................................................64

3-7- ابزارهای اندازه گیری.............................................................................................................66

3-7-1 گاز آنالایزر............................................................................................................................66

3-7-2- دوچرخه کارسنج...............................................................................................................67

3-7-3- پرسشنامه...........................................................................................................................68

3-7-4- ترازو و متر نواری..............................................................................................................68

  عنوان

                         صفحه

3-8- روش های اندازه گیری..........................................................................................................69

3-8-1- آزمون نفس به نفس...........................................................................................................69

3-9- متغیرهای تحقیق....................................................................................................................70

3-10- روش آماری............................................................................................................................70

                                  فصل چهارم:تجزیه وتحلیل داده ها

4-1- مقدمه........................................................................................................................................73

4-2- اطلاعات توصیفی گروههای آموزشی..................................................................................73

4-3- فرضیه 1 : یک جلسه تمرین اینتروال شدید بر فاکتورهای پویایی اکسیژن (VO2 max

، کسر اکسیژن و ثابت زمانی اول و دوم ) دختران اثر ندارد......................................................74

4-4- فرضیه 2: دو جلسه تمرین اینتروال شدید بر بر فاکتورهای پویایی اکسیژن (vo2 max ،

کسر اکسیژن و ثابت زمانی اول و دوم ) دختران اثر ندارد.........................................................76

4-5-فرضیه 3:چهار جلسه تمرین اینتروال شدید بر فاکتورهای پویایی اکسیژن (vo2 max ،

کسر اکسیژن و ثابت زمانی اول و دوم ) دختران اثر ندارد........................................................79

4-6- فرضیه4:  1 ، 2 و4 جلسه تمرین اینتروال شدید بر فاکتورهای پویایی اکسیژن (

VO2 max، کسر اکسیژن و ثابت زمانی اول و دوم ) دختران اثر ندارد.................................81

فصل پنجم : بحث و نتیجه گیری

5-1- مقدمه.......................................................................................................................................85

عنوان

                      صفحه

5-2- خلاصه تحقیق ......................................................................................................................85

5-3- بحث و نتیجه گیری..............................................................................................................89

5-3-1- تاثیر یک جلسه تمرین اینتروال بر فاکتورهای پویایی اکسیژن (VO2max

، کسر اکسیژن و ثابت زمانی اول و دوم) دختران......................................................................90

5-3-2- تاثیر دو جلسه تمرین اینتروال بر فاکتورهای پویایی اکسیژن (Vo2max ،

 کسر اکسیژن و ثابت زمانی اول و دوم) دختران.......................................................................92

5-3-3- تاثیر چهار جلسه تمرین اینتروال بر فاکتورهای پویایی اکسیژن (VO2 max

وکسر اکسیژن و ثابت زمانی اول و دوم) دختران .....................................................................94

5-3-4- مقایسه تأثیر یک، دو و چهار جلسه تمرین اینتروال شدیدبر فاکتورهای

 پویایی اکسیژن ( vo2 max ،کسر اکسیژن وثابت زمانی اول و دوم)دختران................95

5-4- افزایش یافتن VO2max....................................................................................................96

5-5- کاهش یافتن کسر اکسیژن و ثابت زمانی دوم.................................................................96

5-6- کاهش یافتن ثابت زمانی اول...............................................................................................97

5-7- پیشنهادهای برخاسته از تحقیق..........................................................................................97

5-8- پیشنهاد برای تحقیق های آتی ..........................................................................................97

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