فهرست:
فهرست مطالب
عنوان صفحه
1-1) مقدمه........................................................................................................................ 2
1-2) بیان مسئله................................................................................................................. 3
اهمیت وضرورت انجام پژوهش......................................................................................... 7
1-4) اهداف پژوهش ........................................................................................................... 9
هدف کلی............................................................................................................. 9
اهداف ویژه ............................................................................................................ 9
1-5) فرضیات پژوهش ......................................................................................................... 9
1-6) محدودیت های پژوهش................................................................................................. 10
محدودیت های غیر قابل کنترل .................................................................................. 10
1-7) تعریف واژه ها واصطلاحات پژوهش ................................................................................... 10
فصل دوم- مبانی نظری وپیشینه پژوهش
مقدمه................................................................................................... ..…......... 13
مبانی نظری پژوهش................................................................................................................................... 13
چاقی......................................................................................................................................................................13
) تنظیم تعادل انرژی................................................................................................................................ 14
2-2-3) کنترل اشتها و هموستاز انرژی................................................................................................................... 15
هیپوتالاموس............................................................................................................................................. 17
2-2-5) سیگنال های عصبی و هورمونی کنترل اشتها ........................................................................................ 18
2-2-6) سیستم کنترل مرکزی............................................................................................................................... 20
2-2-7)کنترل محیطی اشتها.................................................................................................................................. 22
تنظیم کننده های وزن و متابولیسم بدن................................................................................................... 23
) نروپپتایدها............................................................................................................................................... 24
2-3-1-1) نوروپپتید Y (NPY).......................................................................................................................... 24
2-3-1-2)ارکسین................................................................................................................................................... 25
2-3-1-3)گالانین.................................................................................................................................................... 26
2-3-1-4) نوروپتیید w-23................................................................................................................................. 27
2-3-2)هورمون ها.................................................................................................................................................. 27
2-3-2-1)گرلین...................................................................................................................................................... 27
2-3-2-2)ابستاتین................................................................................................................................................. 28
2-3-2-3)لپتین....................................................................................................................................................... 29
نوروپتیید w............................................................................................................................................. 30
گیرنده های NPW................................................................................................................................. 31
توزیع مرکزی NPW............................................................................................................................... 32
2-4-3) توزیع محیطی NPW................................................................................................................................. 33
توزیع NPBWR1-2 ....................................................................................................................... 34
تنظیم تغذیه ومتابولیسم انرژی بوسیله NPW................................................................................... 35
عملکرد اندوکرین NPW.................................................................................................................... 37
کورتیزول.................................................................................................................................................. 38
کورتیزول و فعالیت بدنی........................................................................................................................ 39
متابولیسم انرژی در فعالیت ورزشی........................................................................................................ 41
فعالیت ورزشی فزاینده و شدید.......................................................................................................... 41
فعالیت ورزشی دراز مدت.................................................................................................................... 41
تاثیرات اسمولاریته بروی هورمون ها...................................................................................................... 42
ارتباط کورتیزول با واسطه های متابولیکی................................................................................................ 43
ارتباط هورمون کورتیزول با اسید لاکتیک............................................................................................ 44
ارتباط هورمون کورتیزول با کراتینین..................................................................................................... 44
کورتیزول و چاقی.................................................................................................................................... 45
2-5-5-1) لینک پتانسیل بین کورتیزول و اشتها...................................................................................................... 46
اثرات مضر چاقی ناشی ازکورتیزول....................................................................................................... 46
تیروکسین.................................................................................................................................................. 47
تاثیر تیروکسین بر متابولیسم: ............................................................................................................. 47
بی حرکت حاد و مزمن بر روی هورمون تیروئیدی............................................................................... 48
هورمون های تیروئیدی و لپتین............................................................................................................ 50
هورمون های تیروئیدی وگیاهان داروی................................................................................................ 51
2-7)جمع بندی .......................................................................................................................................................... 52
فصل سوم- روش شناسی پژوهش
3-1) روش پژوهش ........................................................................................................................................................ 54
3-2) طرح پژوهش.......................................................................................................................................................... 54
3-3) جمع آوری وشیوه عصاره گیری ولیک (سرخ وسیاه) ........................................................................................... 55
3-3-1) جمع آوری میوه ولیک (سرخ وسیاه) ............................................................................................................... 55
3-3-2) عصاره گیری آبی میوه ولیک (سرخ وسیاه) ..................................................................................................... 55
3-3-3) مقدار دوز عصاره مصرفی موش ها..................................................................................................................... 55
3-4) جامعه و نمونه آماری و روش نمونه گیری............................................................................................................. 56
3-5) محیط پژوهش........................................................................................................................................................ 56
3-6) تغذیه آزمودنی ها................................................................................................................................................... 57
3-7) دوره و زمان بندی تمرینی..................................................................................................................................... 57
3-8) وسایل و ابزار استفاده شده در پژوهش................................................................................................................... 59
3-9) متغیرهای پژوهش.................................................................................................................................................. 60
3-9-1) متغیر مستقل..................................................................................................................................................... 60
3-9-2) متغیرهای وابسته............................................................................................................................................... 60
3-10) روش اندازه گیری متغیرهای پژوهش.................................................................................................................. 60
3-10-1) روش اندازه گیری متغییر های وابسته............................................................................................................ 61
3-10-1-1) روش اندازه گیری NPW ........................................................................................................................ 61
3-10-1-2) روش اندازه گیری هورمون کورتیزول ........................................................................................................ 61
3-10-1-3) روش اندازه گیری هورمون T4................................................................................................................... 61
3-11) روش اندازه گیری ترکیبات سرخ ولیک , سیاه ولیک با استفاده از GC-MS : ................................................. 62
3-12) روش ها آماری..................................................................................................................................................... 62
فصل چهارم- تجزیه وتحلیل
4-1) مقدمه..................................................................................................................................................................... 65
4-2) توصیف داده ها....................................................................................................................................................... 65
4-2-1) مشخصات آزمودنی های حیوانی....................................................................................................................... 65
4-2-2) یافتههای مربوط به متغیرهای مورد مطالعه...................................................................................................... 66
4-3) تجزیه و تحلیل استنباطی یافتههای پژوهش........................................................................................................ 66
4-3-1) یافته های مربوط به نوروپپتید W پلاسمایی................................................................................................... 68
4-3-2) یافته های مربوط به نوروپپتید w کبدی.......................................................................................................... 72
4-3-3) یافته های مربوط به کورتیزول پلاسمایی......................................................................................................... 76
4-3-4) یافته های مربوط به هورمون تیروئید T4......................................................................................................... 81
فصل پنجم- بحث ونتیجه گیری
5-1) مقدمه..................................................................................................................................................................... 88
5-2) خلاصهی پژوهش.................................................................................................................................................. 88
5-3) بحث و بررسی(نوروپپتید w پلاسمایی و کبدی ، هورمون کورتیزول و T4.......................................................... 89
5-4) نتیجهگیری........................................................................................................................................................... 93
5-5) پیشنهادات برای پژوهشهای بیشتر....................................................................................................................... 94
منابع..................................................................................................................................................................................................95
چکیده انگلیسی............................................................................................................................................................. 112
منبع:
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